Joint Preservation Treatment of Hallux Limitus (Arthritic Bunion)

What It Is: Osteoarthritis with hallux limitus is a degenerative joint condition primarily affecting the big toe joint (first metatarsophalangeal joint), characterized by progressive cartilage deterioration, joint stiffness, inflammation, and reduced mobility.
Symptoms: Pain, swelling, and difficulty bending the big toe, particularly during walking, running, or squatting. Hallux limitus refers to restricted joint motion and often results from structural abnormalities, biomechanical imbalances, repetitive stress, or previous trauma, contributing to accelerated joint wear and tear. Over time, this condition can significantly impair daily functioning, alter gait patterns, and increase stress on adjacent joints, potentially leading to secondary foot, knee, or hip issues.
Treatments: Include footwear modifications, orthotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy. However, severe cases may require surgical intervention to alleviate pain and restore function. While traditional surgical treatment involves fusion of the big toe joint to eliminate pain, alternative joint-sparing options such as regenerative joint injections and cartilage grafting have emerged as promising treatment alternatives.